There is over 40+ years of basic research behind hair cloning, although more scientific and clinical research is needed before the concept is fully developed.
Experts previously assumed that in the case of complete baldness, follicles are completely absent from the scalp, so they cannot be regenerated. However it was discovered that the follicles are not entirely absent, as there are stem cells in the bald scalp from which the follicles naturally arise. Abnormal behaviour of these follicles is suggested to be the result of progenitor cell deficiency in these areas.
The basic idea of hair cloning is that healthy follicle cells or dermal papillae can be extracted from the patient from areas that are not bald and are not suffering hair loss, and they can be multiplied (cloned) by various culturing methods and that the newly produced cells can be injected back in the bald scalp, where they would act healthily and produce hair.